Liber Abaci (1202)
Main article: Liber Abaci
In the Liber Abaci (1202), Fibonacci introduced the so-called modus Indorum (method of the Indians), today known as Hindu-Arabic numerals.[11][12] The book advocated numeration with the digits 0–9 and place value. The book showed the practical use and value of the new Arabic numeral system by applying the numerals to commercial bookkeeping, converting weights and measures, calculation of interest, money-changing, and other applications. The book was well received throughout educated Europe and had a profound impact on European thought. No copies of the 1202 edition are known to exist.[13]
The 1228 edition, first section, introduces the Arabic numeral system and compares the system with other systems, such as Roman numerals, and methods to convert the other numeral systems into Arabic numerals. Replacing the Roman numeral system, its ancient Egyptian multiplication method, and using an abacus for calculations, with an Arabic numeral system, was an advance in making business calculations easier and faster, which led to the growth of banking and accounting in Europe.[14][15]
The second section explains the uses of Arabic numerals in business, for example converting different currencies, and calculating profit and interest, which were important to the growing banking industry. The book also discusses irrational numbers and prime numbers.[13][16][15]
Patrick Abboud
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